Composition of Petroleum

Composition of Petroleum

The composition of petroleum are classified into four groups, namely:

Saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes)

     Known as alkanes or paraffin
     The presence of straight-chain as the main component (the highest), while the less branched chain
     The building blocks are:

     methane CH4
     ethane CH3 CH3
     propane CH3 CH2
CH3
     butane CH3 (CH2) CH3 2
     n-heptane, CH3 (CH2) 5 CH3
     iso octane CH3 - C (CH 3) 2 CH 2 CH (CH3) 2

Unsaturated hydrocarbons (alkenes)

     Known as alkenes
     Its existence is only slightly
     Compounds constituent:

     Ethene, CH2 CH2
     Propene, CH 3 CH 2 CH
     Butene, CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH

Cyclic saturated hydrocarbon chain (cycloalkanes)

     Known as cycloalkanes or naftena
     Its presence is less than alkanes
     Compounds constituent:

     Cyclopropane 3. cyclopentane

     Siklobutana 4. Siklopheksana

aromatic hydrocarbons

     Known as a series of aromatic
     Existence as a minor component / bit
     Compound formulation:

     Naphthalene 3. benzene

     Anthracene 4. toluene

Other compounds

     Its existence is very little
     Compounds that may be present in petroleum is sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and organo metallic (very small)